Environmental Improvement Policy through the obligation of post-tin mining reclamation in the islands of Bangka Belitung

Abstract Reclamation obligation is one way to ensure environmentally sound mining activities. Nevertheless, Bangka Belitung islands, which have been excavated for tin since 3 centuries ago, leave environmental problems behind due poorly implemented reclamation obligations. Generally, Law Number 4 of 2009 on Minerals and Coal threatens this negligence with administrative sanctions such as written warnings, partial or complete suspension permits, even revocation. However, after almost 10 years in effect, these punishments yet be very effective promoting optimization, including Belitung. Therefore, a criminalization policy was through the amendment 2020 act failure perform and/or post-mining obligations not placing guarantees punishment imprisonment, fines, additional criminal charges. Consequently, normative study focuses its conditions, alongside formulation part law policies. The stage has strategic role because it basis initial indicator judicial executive implementation effectiveness.